Identity testing
Establishing that a material is the substance it is labelled as — a separate question from how pure it is.
Laboratory standards
What laboratory testing establishes
Analytical results are specific: a named test, on a named batch, by a named method, on a given date. This section explains what each of the common tests supports, and — more usefully — what it does not.
Identity and purity
Establishing what a material is, and what proportion of it is the intended substance.
Purity analysis
What a purity figure describes, how it is derived, and the specific ways it can mislead.
High-performance liquid chromatography
The separation technique behind most peptide purity figures, and how to read what it produces.
Mass spectrometry
How mass measurement supports identity confirmation, and where its conclusions stop.
Traceability and documentation
The records that connect an analytical result to a physical container.
Batch numbering
The identifier that ties a physical container to the records describing it.
Chain of custody
The documented history of who held a sample, when, and under what conditions.
Interpreting certificates of analysis
What belongs on a certificate, how to read one, and the conclusions it cannot support.
Independent third-party analysis
What independence means, what accreditation covers, and how to check both.
Storage and stability
How materials change over time, and how that change is measured rather than assumed.
Storage conditions
The environmental factors that determine how a peptide preparation changes over time.
Stability testing
How change over time is measured rather than estimated, and what a shelf-life figure rests on.
Microbiological and endotoxin testing
Contamination parameters that are measured separately from chemical purity.
Microbiological testing
What bioburden and sterility testing establish, and why the two are not interchangeable.
Endotoxin testing
Why bacterial endotoxin is measured separately from microbiological contamination.